Development Banks
The
African Development Bank
The ADB seeks to assist Regional Member Countries to end
the cycle of poverty in which they are entrapped. The Bank
endeavors to facilitate and mobilize the flow of external
and domestic resources, public and private, promote investment,
and provide technical assistance and policy advice to member
countries.
Asian
Development Bank
ADB is a multilateral development finance institution owned
by 59 members, mostly from Asia and the Pacific. ADB's principal
tools are loans and technical assistance, which it provides
to governments for specific projects and programs.
The
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
Established in 1991, EBRD fosters the transition towards
open market-oriented economies and promotes private and
entrepreneurial initiative in the countries of central and
eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States
(CIS). It encourages co-financing and foreign direct investment
from the private and public sectors, helps to mobilize domestic
capital, and provides technical cooperation in relevant
areas.
European Investment Bank
The European Bank is the world's largest institutional lender and it is an active investment partner in the development of transportation projects in Europe and beyond. The task of the European Investment Bank, the European Union's financing institution, is to contribute towards the integration, balanced development and economic and social cohesion of the Member Countries. To this end, it raises on the markets substantial volumes of funds which it directs on the most favourable terms towards financing capital projects according with the objectives of the Union. Outside the Union the EIB implements the financial components of agreements concluded under European development aid and cooperation policies.
The Inter-American Development Bank
The oldest and largest regional multilateral development
institution, was established in December of 1959 to help
accelerate economic and social development in Latin America
and the Caribbean. The Bank's original membership included
19 Latin American and Caribbean countries and the United
States. Subsequently, eight other Western Hemisphere nations,
including Canada, joined the Bank. From the beginning, the
Bank developed links with many industrialized countries
on other continents and in 1974 the Declaration of Madrid
was signed to formalize their entry into the Bank. Eighteen
nonregional countries joined the Bank between 1976 and 1993.
Today Bank membership totals 46 nations.
International
Finance Corporation
The International Finance Corporation (IFC), a member of
the World Bank Group, seeks to improve the quality of the
lives of people in developing countries. IFC is the largest
multilateral source of loan and equity financing for private
sector projects in the developing world.
The
Nordic Development Fund (NDF)
A multilateral Nordic development financing organisation
with offices in Helsinki, Finland. Operations commenced
in February 1989 as part of co-operation in the development
assistance area between the five Nordic countries - Denmark,
Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. NDFwas established
for the purpose of promoting economic and social development
in developing countries through participation in financing
on concessional terms of projects of interest to the Nordic
countries. The capital of the Nordic Development Fund amounts
to SDR 515 million (Special Drawing Rights) and EUR 330
million, and is financed through the development assistance
budgets for the Nordic countries. NDF grants very long-term
credits on concessional terms to poor developing countries.
The North
American Development Bank (NADB)
An international financial institution established and capitalized
in equal parts by the United States and Mexico for the purpose
of financing environmental infrastructure projects. All
NADB-financed projects involve potable water supply, wastewater
treatment or municipal solid waste management and be located
within the border region. The NADB's mission is to serve
as a bi-national partner and catalyst in communities along
the U.S.-Mexico border in order to enhance the affordability,
financing, long-term development and effective operation
of infrastructure that promotes a clean, healthy environment
for the citizens of the region.
U.S.
Export-Import Bank
The Export-Import Bank is an independent U.S. Government
agency that helps finance the overseas sales of U.S. goods
and services. The Bank emphasizes exports to developing
countries, aggressively counters trade subsidies of other
governments, stimulates small business transactions, promotes
the export of environmentally beneficial goods and services,
and expands project finance capabilities. Ex-Im Bank does
not compete with commercial lenders, but assumes the risks
they cannot accept. Its mission is to create jobs through
exports.
The
World Bank
The World Bank provides development assistance, supplying
billions in loans to its developing client countries. To
support projects that offer stable, sustainable, and equitable
growth in the fight against poverty, the Bank provides a
variety of lending instruments, and works with bond investors,
business and the private sector, donors and confinancers,
foundations, schools, NGOs and civil society, and related
institutions.
The World Bank Group Tolls and Concessions
This knowledge base deals with the general issue of toll roads. It also covers contractual options for private sector involvement (including concessions). The knowledge base covers the extent of toll road provision internationally, the objectives, benefits, and costs of a toll road program, tariff setting and development issues, and involvement of the private sector. This key issues document is based on extensive experience in the sector worldwide and follows on from the work being carried out on behalf of the World Bank and Japanese Ministry of Construction on the development of toll roads in Asia.